The papers from the first two International Study Association on Teachers and Teaching conferences are presented in this title as book chapters. Each paper has historical value, marking as they do, both a change in topic focus and a revolution in research practice. They also have a practical value in that they provide a large reference source for, and a wide range of examples of, both topics and methods of research. Value for the future can be found in the texts that note lacunae in research and unresolved issues. Further, since the chapters derive from research conducted in a variety of national contexts, revealing some evidence of common constraints and opportunities impinging on education at the time, questions are stimulated about what has changed and what has stayed the same in the interim.